Typography

Define typography?
the art of expressing ideas through the selectioin appropriate typefaces

Where did the word "typography" originate from?
form and writing




What does typography involve?
appropriate font, line spacing, and spacing between letters






What is a typeface?
distinctive designs of visual symbols that are used to compose a printed image/design




What is another term for typeface?
fonts




What is a character?
individual characters that make up a typeface






What is type style?
letters, numerals, and pronunciation marks





What does type style "create" within a design?
modifications in a typeface that create design variety while maintaining the visual style of the typeface





What is the waist line and what does it indicate?
imaginary line drawn at the middle of the characters



What is a base line and what does it indicate?
imaginary line drawn at the bottom of the characters



What is an ascender?
the part of the character that extends above the waist line




What is a descender?
the part of the character that extends below that base line




Describe a serif?
smaller lines used to finish off a main stroke of a letter, usually at the top and bottom of a character




How can the size of the typeface be identified?
point size--> it measures from the top of the ascender to the bottom of the descender





What is a point?
he vertical measurement used to identify the size of a typeface




How many points are in an inch?
72




What is a pica and how many are in an inch?
first size used/ 12


How many points are in a pica?
6


What is body type and where can it be found?
type sizes that range from 4 pt through 12 pt type




What is the key to selecting appropriate typefaces to be used as body type?
these sizes are found in places where there is a lot of text to be read/ readability




What is display type and how is it used?
types above 12 pt/ used to draw attention to a message




What is reverse type and when would it be used?
white type on a solid black or darker color background/ if the text is too small, reverse tye can be difficult on the readers eye.




What is a typeface classification?
a basic system for classifying typefaces was devised in the 19th century when printers sought to identify a heritage for their own craft



When was Blackletter invented and how was it used?
mid 1400's/ used with the inventions of the printing press




Describer the characteristics of a Blackletter typeface?
resembles calligraphy; high ornamental with elaborate thick and thin strokes




When was Old Style invneted and what was is based on?
15th and 16th centuries/ ancient Roman inscriptions and created to replace Blackletter typefaces



Describe the characteristics of an Old Style typeface?
wedge-shaped, thicker in the middle, not as crazy as blackletter, and has serifs



When were formal scripts developed?
17th and 18th century



When were casual scripts developed?
20th century




Describe the characteristics of a Script typeface?
based in forms made with flexible brushes or pens and have varied strokes reminiscent of handriting




When was Modern typefaces developed and why?
late 18th and 19th centuries/ developed as a radical break from traditional typography of the time



Describe the characteristics of a Modern typeface?
sharp contrast between thick and thin strokes and have thin, flat serifs




How early can Sans Serif typefaces be found? What happened?
20th century/ Italian Renaissance return to Old Style made the Sans Serif classification obsolete



When did they become popular?
1920's



What does "sans serif" mean?
without serifs



Describe the characteristics of a Sans Serif typeface?
its strokes are uniform in weight and have a monotone appearance



When was Slab Serif developed and why?
19th century/for advertising purposes



Describe the characteristics of a Slab Serif typeface?
mainly used for decorative purposes and headlines/ serifs are thick



Describe Decorative typefaces?
uniform line weight and thicker, square serifs





Why were they developed?
for a specific purpose , or theme, in mind




What are they best used for?
larger point sizes, or display type