Define typography?
the art of expressing ideas through the selectioin appropriate typefaces
Where did the word "typography" originate from?
form and writing
What does typography involve?
appropriate font, line spacing, and spacing between letters
What is a typeface?
distinctive designs of visual symbols that are used to compose a printed image/design
What is another term for typeface?
fonts
What is a character?
individual characters that make up a typeface
What is type style?
letters, numerals, and pronunciation marks
What does type style "create" within a design?
modifications in a typeface that create design variety while maintaining the visual style of the typeface
What is the waist line and what does it indicate?
imaginary line drawn at the middle of the characters
What is a base line and what does it indicate?
imaginary line drawn at the bottom of the characters
What is an ascender?
the part of the character that extends above the waist line
What is a descender?
the part of the character that extends below that base line
Describe a serif?
smaller lines used to finish off a main stroke of a letter, usually at the top and bottom of a character
How can the size of the typeface be identified?
point size--> it measures from the top of the ascender to the bottom of the descender
What is a point?
he vertical measurement used to identify the size of a typeface
How many points are in an inch?
72
What is a pica and how many are in an inch?
first size used/ 12
How many points are in a pica?
6
What is body type and where can it be found?
type sizes that range from 4 pt through 12 pt type
What is the key to selecting appropriate typefaces to be used as body type?
these sizes are found in places where there is a lot of text to be read/ readability
What is display type and how is it used?
types above 12 pt/ used to draw attention to a message
What is reverse type and when would it be used?
white type on a solid black or darker color background/ if the text is too small, reverse tye can be difficult on the readers eye.
What is a typeface classification?
a basic system for classifying typefaces was devised in the 19th century when printers sought to identify a heritage for their own craft
When was Blackletter invented and how was it used?
mid 1400's/ used with the inventions of the printing press
Describer the characteristics of a Blackletter typeface?
resembles calligraphy; high ornamental with elaborate thick and thin strokes
When was Old Style invneted and what was is based on?
15th and 16th centuries/ ancient Roman inscriptions and created to replace Blackletter typefaces
Describe the characteristics of an Old Style typeface?
wedge-shaped, thicker in the middle, not as crazy as blackletter, and has serifs
When were formal scripts developed?
17th and 18th century
When were casual scripts developed?
20th century
Describe the characteristics of a Script typeface?
based in forms made with flexible brushes or pens and have varied strokes reminiscent of handriting
When was Modern typefaces developed and why?
late 18th and 19th centuries/ developed as a radical break from traditional typography of the time
Describe the characteristics of a Modern typeface?
sharp contrast between thick and thin strokes and have thin, flat serifs
How early can Sans Serif typefaces be found? What happened?
20th century/ Italian Renaissance return to Old Style made the Sans Serif classification obsolete
When did they become popular?
1920's
What does "sans serif" mean?
without serifs
Describe the characteristics of a Sans Serif typeface?
its strokes are uniform in weight and have a monotone appearance
When was Slab Serif developed and why?
19th century/for advertising purposes
Describe the characteristics of a Slab Serif typeface?
mainly used for decorative purposes and headlines/ serifs are thick
Describe Decorative typefaces?
uniform line weight and thicker, square serifs
Why were they developed?
for a specific purpose , or theme, in mind
What are they best used for?
larger point sizes, or display type
